Floral Biology and Breeding Behaviour in Terminalia belerica and Terminalia chebula
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36808/if/2017/v143i5/114977Keywords:
Floral Biology, Breeding Behaviour, Terminalia belerica, Terminalia chebula.Abstract
Floral biology and breeding behaviour in 13 accessions of Terminalia belerica (10) and T. chebula (3), the two most important medicinal plants was studied. Floral bud initiation took place from 16 to 21 April in all the accessions of T. belerica and 2 to18 May in T. chebula. Flower opening started in the morning hours between 7 h to 8 h and maximum flower opening ranged from 54.8 to 85.7 % in T.belerica and 77.7 to 81.8 % in different accessions of T. chebula. Anthesis occurred between 8 to 9 am. Stigma was most receptive between 9 to 14 hrs approximately one hour after anthesis. Pollen size varied in different accessions and it was 18.45 μm to 22.23 μm in T. belerica and 15.40 to 17.5 μm in T. chebula. Pollination is by insects in both the species and main flower visitors observed were different species of insects (Apis indica, Chilomenes sexmaculata, Drosophilla melanogaster, Solenopsis geminate and Carpophilus hemipterus) and honey bee (Apis indica) is the chief pollinator. No fruit setting was observed in covered flowers. Self incompatibility was observed in both species. The fruit setting under open pollinated condition showed wide variation in different accessions of T. belerica (3.4 to 7.6%) and T. chebula (5.8 to 7.4 %). It took 209-222 days for fruit maturity in T. belerica and 231-241 days in T. chebula. The fruit drop varied from 16.6 to 44.4 % in T. belerica and 25-30 per cent in T. chebula in different accessions.References
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