Phenological Study of Twenty Poisonous Trees, Shrubs and Herbs Species Found in Different Forest Regions of Purulia District, India

Phenological Study of Twenty Poisonous Trees, Shrubs and Herbs Species Found in Different Forest Regions of Purulia District, India

Authors

  •   Bingshati Singha Mahapatra   Bankura UniversityBankura University, West Bengal
  •   Susanta Jana   Bankura University, West Bengal
  •   Shyamal Kanti Mallick   UG and PG Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bishnupur, Bankura, West Bengal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36808/if/2026/v152i2/171039

Keywords:

Flowering, Fruiting, Phenology, Phenophase, Poisonous plants.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was the phenological study of twenty poisonous trees, shrubs and herbs species found in different forest regions of Purulia district.For the study of these twenty poisonous plants five different phenophases such as germination, vegetative growth, leaf senescence, flowering, ripening of fruits were observed throughout the year and depicted in the phenogram for trees and shrubs. For herbs the phenophases are germination, vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and death. This phenological observation revealed that among these twenty poisonous plants, most of the plants showed germination during June to July and new leaf formation occur throughout the year. In case of trees and shrubs maximum leaf senescence occurred during the months of February to march. Most of the herb species died between the months of November to march. Twenty poisonous plant species show flowering and fruiting at different times throughout the year.

References

Appanah S. (1985). General flowering in the climax rain forests of south-east India. Journal of Tropical Ecology,1: 225-240 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467400000304

Ashton P.S., Givinish T.J. and Appanah S. (1988). Staggered flowering in the Dipterocarpaceae: new insights into floral induction and the evolution of mast fruiting in the seasonal tropics. The American Naturalist, 132: 44-66 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/284837

Boojh R. and Ramakrishnan P.S. (1981). Phenology of tree in sub-tropical evergreen montane forest in north east India. GeoEco-Trop, 5: 189-209

Borchert R. (1983). Phenology and control of flowering in tropical trees. Biotropica,15: 81- 89 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2387949

Butola J.S. and Malik A.R. (2012). Phenology and Survival of some Himalayan medicinal plants domesticated at different altitudes. Int. J. Med. Arom. Plants, 2(4): 683-687.

Chambers L.E. and Keatley M.R. (2010). Phenology and climate-early Australian botanical records. Australian Journal of Botany,58(6):473-484. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/BT10105

Chhetri R., Kumar P. and Megha M.S. (2020). Research Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 8(2): 1-8.

Croat T.B. (1975). Phenological Behavior of Habit and Habitat Classes on Barro Colorado Island (Panama Canal Zone). Biotropica, 7(4): 270-277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2989739

Frankie G.W., Baker H.G. and Opler P.A. (1974). Comparative Phenological Studies of Trees in Tropical Wet and Dry Forests in the Lowlands of Costa Rica. Journal of Ecology, 62(3): 881919 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2258961

French K. (1992). Phenology of fleshy fruits in a wet sclerophyll forest in southeastern Australia: Are birds an important influence? Oecologia, 90: 366–373. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317693

Grime J.P., Shacklock J.M.L. and Band S.R. (1985). Nuclear DNA contents, shoot phenology and species co-existence in a limestone grassland community. New Phytologist, 100: 435-445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1985.tb02792.x

Karmer K. (1997). Phenology and growth of European trees in relation to climate change.

Khan J.A. (1999). Periodicity of major phenophases in woody species in dry deciduous forests of Gir, India. Tropical Ecology, 40(2):299-303

Khawas S.K. and Mishra P.K. (2020). Phenological Study of a Medicinally Important Plant Leonotisnepetifolia in Jharia Coal Field. European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 31(10): 14-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/ejmp/2020/v31i10130277

Liang L., Schwartz M.D. and Fei S. (2012). Photographic assessment of temperate forest understory phenology in relation to springtime meteorological drivers. International Journal of Biometeorology, 56(2):343-355. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-011-0438-1

Medway L. (1972). Phenology of a tropical rain forest in Malaya. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4: 117-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1972.tb00692.x

Putz F.E. (1979). A seasonality in Malaysian tree phenology. Malaysian Forester, 42: 1-24

Rathcke B. and Lacey E. (1985). Phenological patterns of terrestrial plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 16: 179- 214 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.16.110185.001143

Reich P. and Borchert R. (1982). Phenology and ecophysiology of the tropical tree, tabebuia neochrysantha (bignoniaceae). Ecology, 63: 294-299. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1938945

Shukla R.P. and Ramakrishnan P.S. (1982). Phenology of trees in a sub-tropical humid forest in north-eastern India. Vegetatio,49: 103-109 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052764

Singh J.S. and Singh V.K. (1992). Phenology of seasonally dry tropical forest. Current Science, 63: 684-688

Singh K.P. and Kushwaha C.P. (2006). Diversity of Flowering and Fruiting Phenology of Trees in a Tropical Deciduous Forest in India. Annals of Botany, 97(2): 265-276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcj028

Singh K.P. and Kushwaha C.P. (2005). Paradox of leaf phenology: Shorea robusta is a semi-evergreen species in tropical dry deciduous forests in India. Current Science, 88(11):1820-1824

Sun C., Kaplin B.A., Kristensen K.A., Munyaligoga V., Mvukiyumwami J., Kajondo K.K. and Moermond, T.C. (1996). Tree Phenology in a Tropical Montane Forest in Rwanda. Biotropica, 24(4): 668-681 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2389053

Zhang G., Song G. and Yang D. (2006) Phenology of Ficus racemosa in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. Biotropica, 38(3):334-341 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00150.x

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Published

2026-02-28

How to Cite

Mahapatra, B. S., Jana, S., & Mallick, S. K. (2026). Phenological Study of Twenty Poisonous Trees, Shrubs and Herbs Species Found in Different Forest Regions of Purulia District, India. Indian Forester, 152(2), 159–164. https://doi.org/10.36808/if/2026/v152i2/171039

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Loading...